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1 δεισιδαιμονία
δεισιδαιμονία, ας, ἡ In the ancient Mediterranean world δ. refers to concern about one’s relations to the transcendent realm (e.g. Polyb. 6, 56, 7; Dio Chrys. 44 [61], 9) exhibited especially in time of war; also viewed as a motivating force (Diod S 1, 70, 8; 11, 89, 6; 8; Jos. Ant. 10, 42). Because such concern is ordinarily expressed in observance of specific religious rites or customs, δ. can denote ‘rite’ or ‘ceremony’ (OGI 455, 11).① When fear of offending divinity expresses itself in extraordinary ways, δ. denotes religious scruple, religiosity (e.g., Jos., Ant. 14, 228; 15, 277; Jos., Bell. 2, 174). To Romans, for whom public order was of primary interest, and to Hellenes, who valued moderation, excessive anxiety could be prejudicial to the interests of the State, and was described through qualified use of the term δ. (Polyb. 12, 24, 5; Plut., Sol. 12, 4 [84], Alex. 75, 1 [706], Mor. 66c, s. his work Περί τῆς δεισιδαιμονίας; Agatharchides in Jos., Ant. 12, 5f ‘ill-timed religious scruples or piety’; idem C. Ap. 1, 208; Herm. Wr. 9, 9; extreme forms of δ. are satirized as ‘superstition’ Theophr., Char. 16, and distinguished from εὐσέβεια Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 147; s. also Tatian’s contemptuous description: 22, 1). Such negative viewpoint (gener. expressed in the Lat. ‘superstitio’; in ref. to Christians cp. Pliny, Ep. Traj. 10, 96 [97], 9; Suetonius, Nero 16, 2) is reflected Dg 1:1; 4:1 (cp. M. Ant. 6, 30 θεοσεβὴς χωρὶς δεισιδαιμονίας ‘god-fearing without fussy piety’).② system of cultic belief or practice, religion (OGI 455, 11; Jos., Ant. 14, 228; 19, 290 on Rom. religious tolerance; reciprocity is expected from others: Jews are forbidden by Claudius τὰς τ. ἄλλων ἐθνῶν δεισιδαιμονίας ἐξουθενίζειν=‘to ridicule the religious practices of other nationalities’; cp. Ac 19:37; Ro 9:22) ζητήματα περὶ τῆς ἰδίας δεισιδαιμονίας εἶχον they had some points of dispute about their religion Ac 25:19 (because of the author’s apparent appreciation of Rom. religious tolerance it is not prob. that satire is to be inferred here).—HBolkestein, Theophrastos’ Charakter der Δεισιδαιμονία als religionsgesch. Urkunde 1929; PKoets, Δεισιδαιμονία, diss. Utrecht 1929; SEitrem, SymbOsl 31, ’55, 155–69; HMoellering, Plutarch on Superstition ’63; MSmith, Superstitio: SBLSP 20, ’81, 349–55.—B. 1492f. EDNT. M-M. DELG. s.v. δαίμων. TW. Spicq. Sv. S. next entry.Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > δεισιδαιμονία
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2 εὐλάβεια
A- ιη Thgn.118
, Agathoin PLGiip.268 B.:— discretion, caution, Thgn. l.c., Agathol.c., etc.;ἐσῴζετ' ἂν τὴν -ειαν S.El. 994
; personified in E.Ph. 782;ἡ εὐ. σῴζει πάντα Ar.Av. 376
; εὐλάβειαν ἔχειν μή.., = εὐλαβεῖσθαι μή .., Pl.Prt. 321a; so εὐ. αὕτη.. τὸ μὴ νέους.. γεύεσθαι caution to preuent their tasting, Id.R. 539b; εὐλαβείας οὐ μικρᾶς δεῖται, εὐ. ἐστὶ πολλῆς, D.19.262, Arist.Pol. 1269a14; εὐ. ποιητέον περί τινας ib. 1315a17;δι' εὐλαβείας ἔχειν ἀλλήλους D.H. 5.38
; ἐπ' εὐλαβεία.. προείρηται by way of caution, Pl.R. 539d; ἐπ' εὐ. in A.Ag. 1024 is f.l. for ἐπ' ἀβλ., cf. Sch. ad loc.2 c. gen., caution or discretion in a thing,πολλὴ εὐ. τούτων ποιητέα Antipho 3.3.11
; εὐλάβειαι πληγῶν auoidance of.., Pl.Lg. 815a;τῶν αἰσχρῶν Arist.EN 1121b24
; ;εὐλάβειαν τῶνδε προυθέμην Id.El. 1334
; ἡ τῶν περιεχόντων εὐ. careful employment of.., Phld.D.3 Fr.32.3 reverence, piety, πρὸς or περὶ τὸ θεῖον, D.S.13.12, Plu. Num.22 (but alsoπρός τινα Ph.2.581
): abs., godly fear, Ep.Hebr.5.7, 12.28; religious scruple,οὐδεμίαν εὐ. προορωμένων UPZ42.21
(ii B.C.).b astitle, ἡ σὴ εὐ. your reverence, PFlor. 73.7 (vi A.D.).4 in bad sense, over-caution, timidity, Plu.Fab.1, 2.432e;εὐλαβίη γὰρ ἀπειρίη Aret.CA1.2
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐλάβεια
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